Podcast on the 1688 Germantown slavery protest

December 11, 2019

Via Hid­den City blog, I’ve learned of a new pod­cast called Found in Philadel­phia. It’s only one episode long so far but it’s a good one: a look at the Ger­man­town Protest of 1688. This was the let­ter writ­ten by four Dutch and Ger­man Quak­ers protest­ing slave­hold­ing — in par­tic­u­lar, slave­hold­ing as prac­ticed by lead­ing Philadel­phia Friends. The lan­guage and dic­tion is a bit awk­ward (Eng­lish not being their first lan­guage) but many of their argu­ments are sur­pris­ing­ly mod­ern. The next time some tire­some bot on Twit­ter or Face­book friend-of-a-friend starts whin­ing about how times were dif­fer­ent in the past and how were peo­ple to know slav­ery was so bad, just show them this let­ter. Clear-eyed peo­ple knew and spoke up.

Host Lori Aument inter­views two peo­ple known to Friends Jour­nal read­ers: Katharine Gerb­n­er, author of September’s Slav­ery in the Quak­er World; and Mary Crauderu­eff, who last wrote for us in Novem­ber 2017. I’m a big fan of uncov­er­ing the sto­ries of the 1688 protest, espe­cial­ly the dis­missal it received from Philadel­phia Year­ly Meet­ing. My review of Gerbner’s book will appear in the Jan­u­ary books sec­tion of FJ.

Episode No. 1 – The Ger­man­town Protest of 1688

What Quakers Can Teach Us About the Politics of Pronouns

November 17, 2019

In the NYTimes Opin­ion sec­tion, a fas­ci­nat­ing com­par­i­son of the lan­guage pol­i­tics of ear­ly Friends and today’s pro­noun expan­sion­ists. By Tere­sa M. Bejan:

Mod­ern prac­ti­tion­ers of pro­noun pol­i­tics can learn a thing or two from the ear­ly Quak­ers. Like today’s egal­i­tar­i­ans, the Quak­ers under­stood that what we say, as well as how we say it, can play a cru­cial part in cre­at­ing a more just and equal soci­ety. They, too, were sen­si­tive to the hum­ble pronoun’s abil­i­ty to rein­force hier­ar­chies by encod­ing invid­i­ous dis­tinc­tions into lan­guage itself.

Yet unlike the ear­ly Quak­ers, these mod­ern egal­i­tar­i­ans want to embrace, rather than resist, pro­nouns’ hon­orif­ic aspect, and thus to see trans‑, non­bi­na­ry and gen­derqueer peo­ple as equal­ly enti­tled to the “title” of their choosing.

I should note that while Bejan’s dis­cus­sion of Friends ends in Her­man Melville’s time, many of us are still very aware of how lan­guage can lib­er­ate and oppress. Friends Jour­nal uses the sin­gu­lar “they” upon author request, for example.

The one place we do have ten­sions is around hon­orifics. The Quak­er tes­ti­mo­ny has been clear against using them — in a man­ner Bevan describes as “lev­el­ing down” but there are instances in which hon­orifics have been used to lev­el up. The most com­mon occur­rence is the use of titles for Black cler­gy. I under­stand the argu­ments on both sides but in the end the rea­son we still talk about Mar­tin Luther King Jr. is his brav­ery, clear-sightedness, and stir­ring words. His doc­tor­ate degree con­tributed to his devel­op­ment I’m sure, but as Friends we know that his aca­d­e­m­ic record is not the source of his moral authority.

Quakers and Christianity

October 31, 2019

Quak­er­S­peak is tak­ing on one of the thorni­est ques­tions of mod­ern Quak­erism: Are Quak­ers Christian?

We talked to 11 Quak­ers from across the Unit­ed States and asked about their rela­tion­ship with Christianity.

I watched an ear­ly draft this morn­ing and was impressed with both the nuance and humor of the inter­vie­wees and also the way video­g­ra­ph­er Jon Watts cut and edit­ed the seg­ments in a way that height­ens the dif­fer­ences and “yes, but, maybe” answers.

http://​quak​er​s​peak​.com/​a​r​e​-​q​u​a​k​e​r​s​-​c​h​r​i​s​t​i​an/

Unnamed Quaker Creeds

October 25, 2019

The March 2020 Friends Jour­nal will look at “Unnamed Quak­er Creeds.” The sub­mis­sion dead­line is Decem­ber 9. I’ve writ­ten up some of our thoughts on poten­tial arti­cle ideas and pub­lished it online at: https://​www​.friend​sjour​nal​.org/​u​n​n​a​m​e​d​-​q​u​a​k​e​r​-​c​r​e​e​ds/

Unpro­grammed Friends will often tell vis­i­tors we have no creeds or set prac­tices in wor­ship. Our wor­ship is spon­ta­neous, open-ended, and free to fol­low the unex­pect­ed prompt­ings of the Liv­ing Spir­it. But in prac­tice, this isn’t exact­ly true. There are all sorts of expec­ta­tions and unwrit­ten rules when we come togeth­er First-day morn­ings. Who can give min­istry? How long should a mes­sage go? What themes should it fol­low? What time does wor­ship end?

There are also unwrit­ten rules about our behav­ior and con­duct. What if we talk too loud­ly or share our beliefs too stren­u­ous­ly? Do our indi­vid­ual tastes in clothes, music, pol­i­tics fit the meet­ing? What are the divides between core Quak­er faith and option­al Quak­er culture?

The March issue is our chance to look at unwrit­ten rules and social con­for­mi­ties and ques­tion any that may be mak­ing our meet­ing spaces unfriend­ly to new­com­ers. What bound­aries do we need to make more explic­it? What prac­tices do we need to make less manda­to­ry? How do we need to change to be more acces­si­ble? And in what ways do new­com­ers feel they have to change to fit us?

Dif­fer­ent fla­vors of Friends have answered these ques­tions dif­fer­ent­ly. Pro­grammed Friends have more explic­it wor­ship struc­tures. They’re also more com­fort­able mak­ing creedal state­ments like the Rich­mond Dec­la­ra­tion of Faith. How have these tools helped ground the spir­i­tu­al com­mu­ni­ty? What new prob­lems have they per­haps created?

I’m hop­ing this issue will be espe­cial­ly help­ful for us all to think about includ­ing new vis­i­tors. And as always, the ideas we list here are just sug­ges­tions. We’re hap­py to read what­ev­er read­ers think about the issue of unnamed Quak­er creeds. Sub­mis­sions due Decem­ber 9, 2019.

FJ Poetry Editor search

October 21, 2019

Friends Jour­nal is look­ing for a new vol­un­teer poet­ry edi­tor. Basic details on the poet­ry edi­tor search can be found here: https://​www​.friend​sjour​nal​.org/​p​o​e​t​r​y​e​d​i​t​or/.

The work con­sists of sort­ing through new sub­mis­sions that come in via Sub­mit­table, the online sub­mis­sion ser­vice we use, and choos­ing two poems a month for the mag­a­zine and declin­ing the ones we won’t pub­lish. We esti­mate this takes 10 hours a month (though of course it depends on the thor­ough­ness of the edi­tor). The mag­a­zine has only had two poet­ry edi­tors in its his­to­ry and both have worked dif­fer­ent­ly. One liked talk­ing over poems with FJ edi­to­r­i­al staff while the oth­er was hap­py to make the call her­self, only ping­ing us when she want­ed a sec­ond opinion.

There’s more than an ambi­tious edi­tor might do like find­ing ways to encour­age more Friends to write and sub­mit poet­ry to us, or giv­ing help­ful feed­back to promis­ing poets even when we don’t pub­lish their work. Inter­est­ed peo­ple can con­tact me if they have more questions.

Faithfully Translating the Bible

July 18, 2019

Quak­er­S­peak inter­views Quak­er trans­la­tor Sarah Ruden!

If you think of the Bible as a rule­book, then you’re going to fight about it, because it’s about allo­ca­tion of pow­er, and the inter­preter is always claim­ing pow­er by say­ing, “the Bible says you can do this, and you must not do that.” Well, Quak­ers do not like to think that way.
http://​quak​er​s​peak​.com/​f​a​i​t​h​f​u​l​l​y​-​t​r​a​n​s​l​a​t​i​n​g​-​t​h​e​-​b​i​b​le/

What is a Quaker Book of Faith and Practice?

June 20, 2019

Thomas Hamm is one of the most lit­er­ary Quak­er­S­peak inter­vie­wees — you could prob­a­bly take his raw tran­script and pub­lish it as a Friends Jour­nal arti­cle. But it’s good to have a YouTube-accessible expla­na­tion of one of the only for­mal com­pendi­ums of belief and prac­tices that we creed-adverse Friends pro­duce. It’s also fas­ci­nat­ing to learn how the pur­pose and struc­ture of Faith and Prac­tice has dif­fered over time, geog­ra­phy, and theology.

What do Quak­ers believe? How do we prac­tice our faith? The best place to look for the answers might be in a book of faith and prac­tice. Here’s what they are and how they evolved over time.

http://​quak​er​s​peak​.com/​w​h​a​t​-​i​s​-​a​-​q​u​a​k​e​r​-​b​o​o​k​-​o​f​-​f​a​i​t​h​-​a​n​d​-​p​r​a​c​t​i​ce/

Visiting Petty Island

June 16, 2019

As a lover of maps, I’ve often be intrigued by the envi­rons  of the Delaware Riv­er. As the tides go up and down, the time­less­ness of the riv­er becomes a kind of gen­tle solace to the indus­tri­al­iza­tion along its banks. Nowhere is this more appar­ent than on the islands which some­how remain in its course. I’ve camped at Pea Patch Island down by Delaware and found a sur­pris­ing fam­i­ly con­nec­tion in its con­vo­lut­ed own­er­ship. But clos­er to my com­mute is Pet­ty Island, sit­ting along­side the New Jer­sey main­land a short dis­tance north of the Ben Franklin Bridge.

Pet­ty Island is owned by the Cit­go oil com­pa­ny and until just a few months ago was still dot­ted with its oil tanks and a large marine car­go facil­i­ty. Satel­lite views still show this twen­ti­eth cen­tu­ry indus­try. But in a very long and oftentimes-uncertain process it’s due to become part of New Jer­sey nat­ur­al lands and even­tu­al­ly to become a pre­serve. The pub­lic is gen­er­al­ly still not allowed on the island but there are occa­sion­al trips and on this past Sat­ur­day I got to tour the island.

We were very lucky to have Bob Shinn as our tour guide. He’s a walk­ing ency­clo­pe­dia of the island and the state geopol­i­tics and waves of names and com­mer­cial uses it’s been through. He lit­er­al­ly wrote the entry on Pet­ty Island in the Philadel­phia Ency­clo­pe­dia. Not sur­pris­ing­ly there’s a lot of Quak­ers in the ear­ly record­ed his­to­ry and the deed between the first Quak­er own­er and three Lenape rep­re­sen­ta­tives is intact in the Haver­ford Col­lege col­lec­tions (this deed was also a major part of a talk by Lenape – set­tler his­to­ry giv­en by Jean Soder­lund a few months ago at Ran­co­cas Meet­ing (see also her book Lenape Coun­try)).

The ever-changing, never-settled his­to­ry of the island con­tin­ues with its name. Wikipedia, Google Maps, and — most impor­tant­ly — Bob Shinn call it “Pet­ty Island,” while the guard shack, wel­come sign, NJ Audubon Soci­ety, and New Jer­sey Nat­ur­al Lands Trust adds the pos­ses­sive to make it “Pet­ty’s Island.” The lat­ter is espe­cial­ly awkward-sounding to my ears, as South Jer­sey place names char­ac­ter­is­ti­cal­ly drop the apos­tro­phes over time (for exam­ple, the riv­er land­ing named after Cap­tain George May is now the town of “Mays Landing.”)

Rem­nants of the indus­tri­al­iza­tion remain: the mas­sive three-story load­ing facil­i­ty has been kept to become the bones of a future vis­i­tors cen­ter; the adja­cent asphalt park­ing area has just been replant­ed as a mead­ow and is most­ly a lot of rocks and short blades of grass (with some Fowler’s toads!). We were lucky enough to be the first pub­lic group to be there since this had all been cleared away.

Bonus: I did­n’t real­ize till we were about to get in our cars that South Jer­sey Trails was also on the tour. He wrote it up too! If you look care­ful­ly, I’m in the back­ground of one of the shots, and now that I’m look­ing I think that’s him in some of mine.